THE EFFECT OF BOVINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS ON DAIRY COW LONGEVITY

The effect of bovine leukemia virus on dairy cow longevity

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus of cattle that infects approximately 45% of all US dairy cattle, with about 90% of US dairy herds having at least one infected animal.Studies have found BLV infection to be associated with multiple measures of decreased immune function, which may explain the observed economic losses from milk production,

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Advances in retinal prosthesis systems

Retinal prosthesis systems Hoods have undergone significant advances in the past quarter century, resulting in the development of several different novel surgical and engineering approaches.Encouraging results have demonstrated partial visual restoration, with improvement in both coarse objective function and performance of everyday tasks.To date,

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